In current usage, any disastrous situation. The balls referred to are NOT testicles. The term dates from the days of wooden sailing ships when the
existence of a shipboard disaster, such as plague, lack of food or water, mutiny, etc. was communicated to the
outside world by hoisting large-ish, brightly painted wooden balls up into the rigging. Balls of different colors represented different disasters and therefore served as either requests for
assistance or warnings to stay clear.