a false allegation of murder; the term refers specifically to a recurring rumor from 12th century Europe that Jews were kidnapping Christian children and using their blood for ritual purposes. A famous example of the blood libel is recounted in the "Nun Prioress's Tale" from Chaucer's *Canterbury Tales*. In this and other versions of the story, the events are absurd and feature perverse miracles.
Frequently occurrences of the blood libel were accompanied by a wave of mass murder of Jewish residents of the city. In many cases, the zealots would
force the authorities to try
random Jews for the alleged crime; these trials were, naturally, travesties.
The last
case of a blood libel resulting in murder was the Kielce pogrom of 1946. 200 Jewish survivors of the Final Solution were being transported back to
Poland when a boy (who had disappeared for a couple of days) told the
police he had been kidnapped by Jews. The
police went to a hostel where returning
Holocaust survivors were staying, and massacred
37 of them.
Sometimes the phrase "blood libel" is used to refer to similar allegations against primarily
non-Jewish groups; for example, many nationalities have been accused of kidnapping children to harvest their organs and sell them to rich patients in the developed world.
Although the details have changed over the last millenium, the blood libel retains
core elements of
sadistic fantasy, psychological projection, and
crass opportunism.
