Benzyl hydride

Benzyl hydride (BnH) is toluene. It was commonly found in paint thinners, but now not so much anymore. You can chlorinate benzyl hydride with TCCA (trichloroisocyanuric acid, pool chlorine) in sunlight with lithium bromide catalyst to get benzyl chloride. It is insoluble in water.
Properties
Chemical formula
C7H8
Molar mass
92.141 g·mol−1
Appearance
Colorless liquid
Odor
sweet, pungent, benzene-like
Density
0.87 g/mL (20 °C)
Melting point
−95 °C (−139 °F; 178 K)
Boiling point
111 °C (232 °F; 384 K)
Solubility in water
0.52 g/L (20 °C)

I chlorinated benzyl hydride (toluene) with TCCA (trichloroisocyanuric acid) in sunlight with lithium bromide catalyst and got benzyl chloride.

by CognitiveFuel November 28, 2022

This feels a little light

When someone gives you a bag of groceries and it feels like there's a few things missing because the bag feels a little light. So you go back to get the rest of the groceries. When someone hands you speed (Amphetamine, Ethylamphetamine) after you paid money and the gram of speed feels a little light more like two thirds of a gram to three quarters of a gram. So you weigh it and demand the rest, and they give you more. Or if you're buying 5 dollars of cheddar cheese and it feels more like 3 or 4 dollars of cheddar cheese so you ask for more. When you're in college studying organic chemistry, mathematics, history, geology, and you forgot a book because the bookbag feels a little light. When you make money selling coffee and the stack of money they pay you feels a little light today. When you ask a friend for half the energy drink and they only give you a third and you say this feels a little light, so they pour more. It means it's not enough or something is missing.

Tony: You got the 40 of those 100mg Flodafinil pills.

Steve: Sure.

Tony: *Hands money.
Steve: *Hands Flodafinil pills.

Tony: This feels a little light! Are you jacking me?!
Steve: Hands over the 3 he was taking from Tony that he planned to do later.

by CognitiveFuel August 28, 2023

Ethylamine

Ethylamine is a primary amine that can be used in chemical synthesis. It can be synthesized by reacting Propanamide with liquid chlorine pool shock 12.5% sodium hypochlorite by the Hofmann rearrangement (wear a gas mask andlab coat and gloves and do the reaction outside or in a fume hood. The chlorine can affect your skin and lungs and eyes). It can also be synthesized by reacting acetaldehyde with excess ammonia aqueous solution and ethanol using an aluminum galinstan amalgam.

Properties
Chemical formula
C2H7N
Molar mass
45.085 g/mol
Appearance
Colourless gas
Odor
fishy, ammoniacal
Density
688 kg m−3 (at 15 °C)
Melting point
−85 to −79 °C; −121 to −110 °F; 188 to 194 K
Boiling point
16 to 20 °C; 61 to 68 °F; 289 to 293 K
Solubility in water
Miscible

I just reacted Propanamide with a 12.5% solution of sodium hypochlorite pool shock and I got ethylamine.

by CognitiveFuel January 04, 2023

Alaskan alarm clock

The Alaskan alarm clock is waking up your girlfriend or wife by throwing water with a ton of ice cubes or snow in it. Sometimes you can add live Alaskan Salmon. Then you both have some beers to warm up.

Tom: I woke up my wife with the Alaskan alarm clock. She complained she smelled like salmon and the beers didn't help. Now Stephanie made me sleep in the cold garage.

by CognitiveFuel September 02, 2023

Thiophene

Thiophene is a chemical that is useful in a lot of stuff. It can be bought or synthesized from butane and sulfer at the vapor phase at 65 °C. Thiophene is an aromatic compound. Thiophene can be chloromethylated by formaldehyde solution and hydrogen chloride at 5 °C or lower to 2-chloromethylthiophene/2-(Chloromethyl)thiophene (TP-MeCl).

Properties
Chemical formula
C4H4S
Molar mass
84.14 g/mol
Appearance
colorless liquid
Density
1.051 g/mL, liquid
Melting point
−38 °C (−36 °F; 235 K)
Boiling point
84 °C (183 °F; 357 K)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)
-57.38·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)
1.5287
Viscosity
0.8712 cP at 0.2 °C
0.6432 cP at 22.4 °C

Tony: I synthesized 2-chloromethylthiophene from thiophene.

by CognitiveFuel September 11, 2023

Carbon Tetrachloride

Carbon Tetrachloride is a toxic but very useful solvent used in brominating thiophene to 2-Bromothiophene using bromine. Carbon Tetrachloride is synthesized by adding chlorine to chloroform and iron powder. Carbon Tetrachloride is toxic to the kidneys and liver.
Properties
Chemical formula
CCl4
Molar mass
153.81 g/mol
Appearance
Colourless liquid
Odor
Sweet, chloroform-like odor
Density
1.5867 g/cm^3 (liquid)
1.831 g/cm^3 at −186 °C (solid)
1.809 g/cm^3 at −80 °C (solid)
Melting point
−22.92 °C (−9.26 °F; 250.23 K)
Boiling point
76.72 °C (170.10 °F; 349.87 K)
Solubility in water
0.097 g/100 mL (0 °C)
0.081 g/100 mL (25 °C)
Solubility
Soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform, benzene, naphtha, CS2, formic acid

I brominated thiophene to 2-Bromothiophene with bromine in Carbon Tetrachloride.

by CognitiveFuel January 31, 2023

Diethyl ether

Diethyl ether is a solvent that is useful for grignard reactions. It's also an anesthetic. Diethyl ether is highly flammable (even electrical outlets and too high temperatures can ignite it. Diethyl ether must be stored with butylated hydroxytoluene to avoid peroxide products which are explosive. Diethyl ether is also sometimes used for extractions, but other solvents like ethyl chloride, chloroform, toluene, hexane, and dichloromethane are generally preferred. Diethyl ether is synthesized by reacting ethanol with sulfuric acid. This reaction must be carried out at temperatures lower than 150 °C in order to ensure that an elimination product (ethylene) is not a product of the reaction. At higher temperatures, ethanol will dehydrate to form ethylene. The reaction to make diethyl ether is reversible, so eventually an equilibrium between reactants and products is achieved. Getting a good yield of ether requires that ether be distilled out of the reaction mixture before it reverts to ethanol.
Properties
Chemical formula
(CH3CH2)2O
Molar mass
74.123 g/mol

Appearance
Colorless liquid
Odor
Dry, Rum-like, sweetish odor
Density
0.7134 g/cm3, liquid
Melting point
−116.3 °C (−177.3 °F; 156.8 K)
Boiling point
34.6 °C (94.3 °F; 307.8 K)
Solubility in water
6.05 g/100 mL
Vapor pressure
440 mmHg at 20 °C (58.66 kPa at 20 °C)

I reacted ethyl magnesium chloride in diethyl ether with acetone, then reacted it with hydrochloric acid, and got 2-methyl-2-butanol.

by CognitiveFuel January 16, 2023