Theory of Constructed Science and Epistemology

A metascientific and infraepistemological framework arguing that science and its standards of knowledge are constructed—not merely discovered—through social, historical, and material practices. It examines how scientific methods, categories, and norms are built, maintained, and sometimes dismantled; how “objectivity” is an achievement of particular communities, not a natural default; and how what counts as knowledge depends on the infrastructure (labs, journals, funding) that supports it. The theory is a foundation for science studies, showing that science is robust not because it transcends social context but because it is a successful, self‑correcting human practice—still constructed, still accountable.

Theory of Constructed Science and Epistemology Example: “Her work on constructed science and epistemology traced how ‘reproducibility’ became a central value not because it was always essential, but because 20th‑century scientific communities constructed it as the gold standard to address specific institutional crises.”

Theory of Constructed Science and Epistemology by Abzugal Nammugal Enkigal March 30, 2026