A theoretical framework that applies complexity science (chaos theory, network science, agent-
based modeling) to social phenomena. It treats social structures as emergent from
local interactions, not imposed from above. Key concepts: emergence (macro-properties not reducible to
micro-parts), feedback (positive loops amplify change, negative loops stabilize), attractors (social equilibria), and bifurcations (sudden shifts). It critiques linear, equilibrium-
based models (e.g., neoclassical economics) for ignoring tipping points and hysteresis. Complex Dynamical Social Theory is used to
study revolutions, epidemics of behavior, and technological lock-in. It is inherently interdisciplinary, bridging sociology, physics, and computer science.
Example: “Using complex dynamical social theory, she modeled how
vaccine hesitancy
spread through social networks—not linearly, but via threshold effects and cluster formation, predicting an outbreak that linear models missed.”