Tatami mats are woven straw mats closely associated with Japanese culture, where they have been an enduring feature for centuries. The densely woven mats are traditionally used as a floor covering, and a number of traditions surround their use. The classic size of a tatami mat is three by six
feet (one by
two meters), although a wide assortment of shapes and sizes are available in addition to custom mats. This
standard size is often used as a room measurement, much as square footage is used in many parts of the West. Thus, one
may hear a room described as “four and a half mats.” Many
Japanese import stores stock tatami mats, and they can also be ordered directly. The early roots of tatami mats were probably simple rushes strewn on the floors of rooms to keep them more
dry and clean. Gradually, rushes were replaced with woven mats, which evolved an inner layer of stuffing such as straw or
rice bran. Tatami mats are traditionally edged in fabric such as brocade to keep the layers together.
Today, the filling for tatami mats is often a synthetic material, designed to resist wear.