A metascientific framework that examines the material, institutional, and organizational foundations that make scientific
knowledge production possible—the often-invisible systems, structures, and resources that scientists depend on but rarely think about. The infrastructure of
science includes laboratories and equipment, libraries and databases, funding agencies and grant systems, journals and peer review, professional societies and conferences, universities and research institutes, training programs and career pipelines, communication networks and computing resources. It also includes the less tangible infrastructure: standards and protocols, classification systems, citation practices, reputational economies, and the social structures that enable collaboration and competition. Examining the infrastructure reveals that scientific
knowledge doesn't emerge from individual
genius alone but from complex systems that channel resources, enable work, and shape what's possible. Changes in infrastructure—a
new funding mechanism, a
new database, a new communication platform—can transform entire fields by changing what scientists can do.
Example: "Her infrastructure of
science study traced how the development of online preprint servers transformed physics—not by changing how scientists thought, but by changing how quickly they could share results and get feedback. The infrastructure shaped the
knowledge."
