While Technically based on technique, Fiqh-hically is based on Fiqh
witch is part of the Islamic ruling as known as Sharia Law.
Fiqh (Islamic Jurisprudence)
-Literal Meaning: Fiqh is an Arabic term meaning "deep understanding" or "full comprehension."
-Technical Meaning: It refers to Islamic jurisprudence, which is the human endeavor by
Muslim jurists (known as fuqaha) to understand, interpret, and derive practical legal rulings (ahkam) from the
divine sources of Islam.
- Sources of Fiqh: The primary sources are the Qur'an (the holy
book) and the Sunnah (the teachings, practices, and sayings of the Prophet Muhammad).
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Relationship with Sharia Law
The distinction between Fiqh and Sharia is crucial:
-Sharia (الشريعة): This is considered the
divine, immutable, and perfect law as revealed by God (
Allah) in the Qur'an and Sunnah. It encompasses the totality of God's guidance.
-Fiqh (فقه): This is the human understanding and application of Sharia. Because it is a human intellectual process, it is considered fallible, dynamic, and subject to change and difference of
opinion among various schools of thought (madhhabs).
In short, Sharia is the revealed law (the path/
way), and Fiqh is the scholarly method and resulting body of rules that attempts to implement that divine law.
When something is described as "Fiqh-hically" or "Fiqhi," it means it pertains to or is derived from the established tradition of Islamic jurisprudence.
