Someone who targets an individual, usually through the
internet and by phone, feigns feelings of love, then finds themselves in an
impossible situation that requires money from the
target.
Someone poses as an
American, develops a romantic
relationship, has a job overseas, then requests money from the
target to get out of some unexpected disaster. Usually the money will eventually allow the scammer to be united with their target. See romancescams.org for a photo album of known romance scammers.