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Abu Yahya's definitions

sovereign debt

(ECONOMICS) debt owned by a national government to all creditors foreign and domestic. Backed by the national government's power to tax.
Even after the International Monetary Fund worked out a bailout for Greece, other sovereign debt crises could still arise in Spain, Portugal, and Italy.
by Abu Yahya May 5, 2010
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monetize

to introduce a thing as currency, e.g., silver, gold, copper. In nearly all cases, when something has been monetized, it is legal tender and debtors are legally obligated to accept it as payment for debt.

Debt can also be monetized. A government can either buy the debt of companies whose growth it favors as a matter of policy (as in pre-War Japan) or permit its own bonds to be be used as banking reserves (for the creation of money).
In 1878 Congress passed the Bland Bill, which monetized silver at a ratio of 16:1 to gold.
by Abu Yahya January 23, 2009
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Current Population Survey

(ECONOMICS) survey of 60,000 households in the USA conducted monthly by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. One of two ways in which the BLS gathers statistics on unemployment and hours worked. The other is the establishment survey.
According to an analysis of the 2009 March Current Population Survey, one in five men ages 18-64 - about 21.2 million - are uninsured, compared with 17.2 million women in the same age group. This gap in coverage is consistent across various demographic groups.
by Abu Yahya July 15, 2010
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Hispanophonic

(ADJECTIVE) Spanish-speaking; of or related to the Spanish-speaking world.
The largest Hispanophonic countries, in order of population, are

Mexico (111,211,789)

Colombia (43,677,372)

Argentina (40,913,584)

Spain (40,525,002)

USA (35,000,000?)

Peru (29,546,963)

Venezuela (26,814,843)

Chile (16,601,707)

Ecuador (14,573,101)

Guatemala (13,276,517)

Cuba (11,451,652)

Bolivia (9,775,246)

The Dominican Republic (9,650,054)

Honduras (7,833,696)

El Salvador (7,185,218)

Paraguay (6,995,655)

Nicaragua (5,891,199)

Costa Rica (4,253,877)
by Abu Yahya May 18, 2010
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CGD crisis

Stands for "currency-growth-debt" crisis. Climax of a CGD trap; the most famous example was Argentina in 2002.
The Suez Canal fell under British and French control as a result of Ismail Pasha's CGD crisis.
by abu yahya June 23, 2008
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fiscal deficit

the gap between revenues and expenditures for a government (over a given period of time); often referred to as an internal deficit or public deficit.
The public deficit accumulates over each time period (usually a year) into what is known as the public debt.

According to Keynesian and Neo-Keynesian economic theory, fiscal deficits are usually the most effective tool for stimulating economic activity; the actual choice of how the money is spent is less important.
In the USA, most states are not allowed to run fiscal deficits. In other federal republics, such as India and Argentina, they are allowed and frequently account for much of those countries' internal deficits.
by Abu Yahya February 14, 2009
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central bank

(ECONOMICS) a financial institution that issues the national currency and administers monetary policy.

For the USA, the central bank is the Federal Reserve System.

In a few cases, the central bank is private, and otherwise similar to a regular commercial bank. In other cases, it is directly controlled by the head of government. In most cases, however, it is a government agency that is shielded from direct control.

OTHER IMPORTANT CENTRAL BANKS

European Union--European Central Bank (ECB).
Japan--Bank of Japan

China--People's Bank of China
United Kingdom--Bank of England

See also the International Monetary Fund and the Bank for International Settlements.
In the USA, as well as many other countries, the Treasury acts as the government's underwriter but the central bank controls the money supply using treasury securities and other forms of hot money. The central bank is usually responsible for managing the currency reserves, including foreign currency reserves, of its government. It also enforces banking laws and operates check clearing.

The BIS acts as a bank to most of the world's central banks.
by Abu Yahya May 5, 2010
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