Generally stands for 'What the fuck'. Most people use a question mark afterwards to get the point through. Rather than using the same term for the other 'w's, who, when, where, and why, it makes more sense to actually state the word and follow it with 'tf'

Capitalization doesn't really matter.
This term can also be likened to 'What the shit?' which is more comical and has a tantamount meaning.

A stupid person; it refers to the lack of surface area on an individual's brain. The general thought is that the more surface area (wrinkles, creases, etc.) a brain has, the smarter the person is. Conversely, a person with a smooth brain (no wrinkles) has less surface area and would therefore be stupid.

The World Taekwondo Federation.
WTF, holds many competitions throughout the world.

Denotes: What the Fuck!

1. What the fuck.
2. World Tae Kwon Do Federation

Stands for What The Fuck.

what the fucking shit