The first of ten amendments of the Bill of Rights to the American Consitution. It essentially grants citizens freedom of speech,
religion, press, assembly, and petition. The literal text is as follows.
"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of
religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the
people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances."