City-State

A small independent state consisting of an urban center and the surrounding agricultural territory. A characteristic political form in early Mesopotamia, Archaic and Classical Greece, Phoenicia, and early Italy.
The term city-state refers to a self-governing urban center and the agriculture territories it controlled.
by HistoryNerd94 December 18, 2010
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Civilization

An ambiguous term often used to denote more complex societies but sometimes used by anthropologists to describe any group of people sharing a set of cultural traits.
Scholars agree that political, social, economic, and technological phenomena are indicators of civilization.
by HistoryNerd94 September 26, 2010
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Paleolithic

The period of the Stone Age associated with the evolution of humans. It predates the Neolitic period.
Among the major subdivisions, the Paleolithic (Old Stone Age) lasted until 10,000 years ago.
by HistoryNerd94 November 04, 2010
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Megaliths

Structures and complexes of very large stones for ceremonial and religious purposes in Neolithic times.
Assemblages of megaliths (meaning "big stones") seem to relate to religious beliefs.
by HistoryNerd94 November 22, 2010
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Neolithic

The period of the Stone Age associated with the ancient Agricultural Revolution(s). It follows the Paleolithic period.
The Neolithic (New Stone Age), which is associated with the origins of agriculture, followed the Paleolithic.
by HistoryNerd94 November 07, 2010
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Amulet

Small charm meant to protect the bearer from evil. Found frequently in archaeological excavations in Mesopotamia and Egypt, amulets reflect the religious practices of the common people.
The survival of many amulets and representations of a host of demons suggest widespread belief in magic—the use of special words and rituals to manipulate the forces of nature.
by HistoryNerd94 December 24, 2010
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Treaty of Tordesillas

Treaty negotiated by the pope in 1494 to resolve the territorial claims of Spain and Portugal.
The Portuguese colonized Brazil under the terms of the Treaty of Tordesillas, a 1494 agreement dividing the Americas between Spain and Portugal.
by HistoryNerd94 January 06, 2012
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