Definitions by Abzugal
Fehlingerism
A political ideology named after Gunther Fehlinger, often presented as the polar opposite of Duginism. While Duginism dreams of a multipolar world of conflicting civilizations, Fehlingerism embraces Atlanticism, liberal democracy (in Western terms), European integration, and an international order “based on rules”—rules written and interpreted by the West. Fehlingerism emphasizes the sovereignty of nations within a framework of cooperation led by the US and NATO, radically opposes authoritarian expansion (especially that of Russia and China), and champions human rights, provided such rights do not conflict with the strategic interests of the Western Empire. In practice, Fehlingerism is characterized by an unconditional and almost religious adherence to NATO expansion, believing that any dissemination of Western institutions—even through coups, bombings, or sanctions—is intrinsically good and civilizing. Its adherents tend to ignore local complexities, historical grievances, and the West's colonial past, treating any resistance as mere misinformation or bad faith. The typical Fehlingerist considers any support for BRICS, the Global South, multipolarity, or even mere non‑adherence to Western sanctions as "Duginism," "National Bolshevism," or "fascism." Curiously, these same terms are never applied to unconditional support for the US Empire, NATO, or the foreign policy of Israel and the European Union.
There is a glaring asymmetry: what for one side is a "democratic alliance," for the other is an "authoritarian threat." Another hallmark is the rhetorical dehumanisation of opponents, especially so‑called "tankies" (now expanded to include anyone who criticises NATO or defends national sovereignty outside the Western bloc). Fehlingerism operates as a cultural war ideology: either you are unconditionally with the "free world," or you are a pro‑Putin fascist. Critics point out that this stance, under the guise of liberal democracy, reveals a naive and self‑centred imperialism, incapable of seeing that the "rule‑based order" has primarily served to justify invasions, unpayable debts, and resource extraction from the Global South. In short, Fehlingerism is the Duginism of the West: two inverted mirrors of the same geopolitical Manichaeism.
Example: “On Twitter, a Fehlingerist accused Brazil of ‘authoritarian drift’ for not joining NATO’s sanctions against Russia, while praising Turkey’s same refusal as ‘strategic autonomy’. That’s Fehlingerism: selective outrage in service of Western hegemony.”
Example: “On Twitter, a Fehlingerist accused Brazil of ‘authoritarian drift’ for not joining NATO’s sanctions against Russia, while praising Turkey’s same refusal as ‘strategic autonomy’. That’s Fehlingerism: selective outrage in service of Western hegemony.”
Fehlingerism by Abzugal May 23, 2026
Theory of Systems of Parameters and Reference Frames
A meta‑theory that synthesises the previous theories: any system – physical, statistical, logical, social – is best understood as a system of parameters (internal variables, thresholds, scales) and reference frames (observer positions, disciplinary perspectives, historical contexts). This theory argues that there is no system‑in‑itself independent of these choices; rather, systems are always systems‑relative‑to‑parameters‑and‑frames. It promotes methodological transparency and pluralism across all sciences and humanities.
Theory of Systems of Parameters and Reference Frames Example: “The theory of systems of parameters and reference frames ties together the earlier insights: whether you study statistics, evidence, or dynamic systems, you must specify your frame. There is no view from nowhere.”
Theory of Systems of Parameters and Reference Frames by Abzugal May 22, 2026
Theory of Spectral Systems
A framework that analyses systems in terms of their spectral properties – the range of frequencies, scales, or modes in which they operate. A system may behave differently at different frequencies (e.g., a market with daily noise and long‑term trends) or different scales (quantum vs. classical). Spectral systems theory uses tools from signal processing and harmonic analysis to decompose complex behaviour into its component frequencies. It is particularly useful for understanding systems with multiple, simultaneous rhythms.
Example: “The economy has high‑frequency fluctuations (daily trades) and low‑frequency cycles (decades). The theory of spectral systems separates these scales to analyse each.”
Theory of Spectral Systems by Abzugal May 22, 2026
Theory of Emergent Systems
A framework that studies how novel properties, patterns, or behaviours arise from interactions of simpler components when those components are organised in a certain way. Emergence is hierarchical: a property is emergent if it is not present in the parts and cannot be reduced to them. Examples include consciousness from neurons, wetness from water molecules, market behaviour from individual trades. The theory opposes reductionism, arguing that higher levels have genuine causal powers.
Example: “A single neuron is not conscious, but a billion organised neurons are. The theory of emergent systems explains how new realities appear at higher scales.”
Theory of Emergent Systems by Abzugal May 22, 2026
Theory of Fuzzy Systems
A framework that deals with systems where categories are not crisp but graded, and where truth is a matter of degree rather than binary. Fuzzy systems use membership functions (partial belonging) and fuzzy logic to handle vagueness, uncertainty, and approximation. The theory is applied in control systems, artificial intelligence, and decision‑making where traditional binary logic fails. It acknowledges that many real‑world phenomena – “warm,” “tall,” “democratic” – are matters of degree.
Theory of Fuzzy Systems Example: “The thermostat doesn’t ask ‘is it cold?’ Yes/No. It uses fuzzy logic: ‘how cold?’ The theory of fuzzy systems makes machines that work with shades of grey.”
Theory of Paraconsistent Systems
A framework for logical systems that tolerate contradictions without leading to triviality (the principle of explosion). Paraconsistent systems allow reasoning in the presence of inconsistent information, which is common in real‑world databases, legal systems, and belief sets. They are essential for handling contradictory evidence, conflicting expert testimony, or evolving scientific paradigms. The theory challenges the classical law of non‑contradiction as a universal requirement for rational thought.
Example: “The witness reports were contradictory, but the court could not dismiss both. Paraconsistent logic allowed reasoning from each while holding the contradiction. The theory of paraconsistent systems makes sense of inconsistency.”
Theory of Paraconsistent Systems
A framework for logical systems that tolerate contradictions without leading to triviality (the principle of explosion). Paraconsistent systems allow reasoning in the presence of inconsistent information, which is common in real‑world databases, legal systems, and belief sets. They are essential for handling contradictory evidence, conflicting expert testimony, or evolving scientific paradigms. The theory challenges the classical law of non‑contradiction as a universal requirement for rational thought.
Example: “The witness reports were contradictory, but the court could not dismiss both. Paraconsistent logic allowed reasoning from each while holding the contradiction. The theory of paraconsistent systems makes sense of inconsistency.”
Theory of Fuzzy Systems by Abzugal May 22, 2026
Theory of Dynamic and Complex Systems
A framework that studies systems composed of many interacting components whose collective behavior is more than the sum of parts, evolves over time, and often exhibits non‑linearity, feedback loops, emergence, and sensitivity to initial conditions. It applies to ecosystems, economies, societies, neural networks, and climates. The theory rejects reductionist approaches that try to explain system behavior by analysing isolated components. Instead, it focuses on relationships, interactions, and patterns.
Theory of Dynamic and Complex Systems Example: “A flock of birds is a dynamic and complex system: simple rules (stay close, align, avoid collisions) produce complex, unpredictable flocking patterns that no single bird controls.”
Theory of Dynamic and Complex Systems by Abzugal May 22, 2026
Scientific Method Pataphysics
A pataphysical approach to the scientific method: applying the method to objects that cannot be observed, to hypotheses that cannot be tested, or to experiments that cannot be performed. For example, designing a double‑blind trial for the efficacy of prayer, or a controlled study of the effects of a colour that doesn’t exist. Scientific method pataphysics highlights the method’s dependence on a world that cooperates, and it imagines what the method would look like in worlds that do not.
Scientific Method Pataphysics Example: “He wrote a grant proposal to study the effect of invisible ink on reading comprehension. The method was perfect; the subject was pataphysical.”
Scientific Consensus Pataphysics
The pataphysical study of consensus where the consensus is about imaginary facts, or where the community itself is imaginary. For example, “99% of dragons agree that fire‑breathing is hereditary,” or “the International Society for Round Squares has reached consensus on the definition of a corner.” Scientific consensus pataphysics parodies the appeal to consensus by showing how easily a consensus can be fabricated or how it can exist without any real referent. It is a warning against treating consensus as truth.
Example: “He cited ‘a consensus of leading astrologers’ to support his prediction. Scientific consensus pataphysics: using the form of authority to support absurdity.”
Scientific Consensus Pataphysics
The pataphysical study of consensus where the consensus is about imaginary facts, or where the community itself is imaginary. For example, “99% of dragons agree that fire‑breathing is hereditary,” or “the International Society for Round Squares has reached consensus on the definition of a corner.” Scientific consensus pataphysics parodies the appeal to consensus by showing how easily a consensus can be fabricated or how it can exist without any real referent. It is a warning against treating consensus as truth.
Example: “He cited ‘a consensus of leading astrologers’ to support his prediction. Scientific consensus pataphysics: using the form of authority to support absurdity.”
Scientific Method Pataphysics by Abzugal May 22, 2026