Bust means "punch" and chops means "mouth", so "to bust someone's chops" literally means to hit them in the mouth, but most of the time it means to give (someone) a hard time.
Don't bust my chops; I'm sick and tired of you calling me names.

by han meng July 15, 2006
To bust someone's chops (nonliteral meaning) is to say or do something that interferes with someone's line of expertise or leadership in something. Chops = skills or simply a person's line of action, especially at the moment; and busting = to stop something or interfere with something.
You always gotta bust my chops with some stupid remark during the TPS report meetings!
by geoh777 September 23, 2007