Hard Problem of Evidence

The dilemma that all evidence is interpreted through pre-existing frameworks (theories, biases, cultural narratives). There is no such thing as a "brute fact." A piece of data only becomes evidence for or against something within a specific story about how the world works. Changing someone's mind therefore requires not just new facts, but a change in their entire interpretive framework—a much harder task.

Example: Presenting vaccine efficacy data to an anti-vaxxer. The numbers are dismissed as fabricated by Big Pharma. The Hard Problem of Evidence is that the evidence is not seen as neutral. It is processed through a framework where institutional authority is inherently distrusted. New evidence strengthens the framework ("See, they're pushing harder!"), rather than challenging it. The battle is over frameworks, not facts.

by Dumuabzu February 8, 2026

Fallacy of Problem-Solving

A fallacy that demands a perfect solution as a precondition for acknowledging a problem. "If you can't solve it perfectly, you can't complain about it." The fallacy sets an impossible standard—any proposed solution can be criticized as insufficient, impractical, or having unintended consequences—and uses that impossibility to dismiss the problem itself. It's the logic of "socialism has failed wherever it's been tried" (ignoring that capitalism has also failed), of "we can't just defund the police without a plan" (as if the current system had a plan). The Fallacy of Problem-Solving is beloved of those who benefit from the status quo, who can always find reasons not to change. The cure is recognizing that problems can be acknowledged without solutions being ready, and that imperfect action is better than perfect inaction.

Example: "He agreed that the healthcare system was broken, but the Fallacy of Problem-Solving meant he never had to support any fix. Single-payer? Too expensive. Public option? Too complicated. Private insurance reform? Too weak. No solution was perfect, so no solution was acceptable. The problem continued, unsolved, unaddressed—which was exactly what the fallacy was designed to achieve."

by Dumu The Void February 20, 2026

Hard Problem of Science-Pseudoscience Demarcation

The notoriously difficult challenge of drawing a clean line between legitimate science and its fraudulent imitators. Where does physics end and metaphysics begin? When does speculative biology become pseudobiology? The problem is that science and pseudoscience exist on a spectrum, with no single magic criterion—falsifiability, peer review, empirical method—that perfectly separates them in all cases. Astrology is easy to dismiss, but what about string theory, which makes no testable predictions? What about Freudian psychology, which is culturally influential but methodologically dubious? The Hard Problem is that demarcation is itself a scientific and philosophical puzzle with no universally accepted solution.

Hard Problem of Science-Pseudoscience Demarcation "I know homeopathy is pseudoscience—it's water with memory or whatever. But is economics a science? It makes predictions, but they're always wrong. Is psychology? It studies minds, but can't agree on basic methods. The Hard Problem of Demarcation is why your 'just use common sense' approach doesn't actually work."

by Dumu The Void February 23, 2026

Hard Problem of Objective Truth

The philosophical nightmare of defining what "objective truth" even means, given that all truth claims are made by subjective beings with limited perspectives. If truth is correspondence to reality, how do we access reality directly to check the correspondence? If truth is coherence within a system, whose system wins? If truth is pragmatic usefulness, useful for whom and for what? The Hard Problem is that every definition of objective truth seems to sneak in subjective assumptions, leaving us wondering whether "objective truth" is a real thing we're approximating or a useful fiction that keeps us honest.

Hard Problem of Objective Truth "You keep saying you want 'objective truth' about politics. But the Hard Problem of Objective Truth is that your 'objectivity' looks suspiciously like your personal opinions with better branding. Maybe start with 'less wrong' and work from there."

by Dumu The Void February 23, 2026

Hard Problem of Objective Reality

The metaphysical vertigo induced by asking whether reality exists independently of our perceptions, and if so, what we can possibly know about it. This is philosophy's oldest headache: the world seems real, but everything we know about it comes through senses that can be fooled, a brain that interprets, and language that shapes. The Hard Problem isn't solipsism—most people agree something exists out there. The problem is that we can't climb outside our own consciousness to see reality raw and unmediated. We're forever looking through a window smudged with our own fingerprints, trying to describe the view.

Hard Problem of Objective Reality "We're all arguing about politics, but the Hard Problem of Objective Reality is that none of us are experiencing reality directly—we're experiencing neural interpretations of sensory data filtered through trauma and cable news. Maybe chill out a little?"

by Dumu The Void February 23, 2026

Hard Problem of Truth

The fundamental puzzle of what truth actually is, before we get into which truths are true. Is truth correspondence to reality? Coherence with other beliefs? Practical usefulness? Social consensus? Divine revelation? Each definition has its champions and its fatal flaws. The Hard Problem is that we use "truth" constantly—in science, in law, in everyday life—but when asked to define it, we flail. It's like time: we know what it is until someone asks. This problem haunts every field because every field claims to pursue truth, yet none can definitively say what they're pursuing.

"Your honor, I swear to tell the truth. But the Hard Problem of Truth means philosophers can't agree on what truth is, so technically I'm swearing to something undefined. Can I get a ruling on whether correspondence theory or pragmatism applies in this courtroom?"

by Dumu The Void February 23, 2026

Hard Problem of Reality

The ultimate existential headache: what is reality, really? Not just what's in it, but what it is. Is reality physical matter? Mental construction? Information? Simulation? Mathematical structure? The Hard Problem is that every answer generates more questions. If reality is physical, what are thoughts? If reality is mental, what are rocks? If reality is information, what's the substrate? Science pushes back the frontier of explanation but never reaches the final answer—it tells us how reality behaves, not what it is. The Hard Problem of Reality is that we're inside the thing trying to understand the thing, with no outside view available.

"You think you're having a bad day? The Hard Problem of Reality means none of us even know what a 'day' is at the fundamental level. Is it a unit of time? A rotation of Earth? A subjective experience of duration? I'm not depressed; I'm just ontologically overwhelmed."

by Dumu The Void February 23, 2026