Neurorealism
The idea that our nervous system (brain, neurons, synapses) determines how we perceive and see reality. It is the neuro‑centered version of Cognitive Realism. Its weak version (Neurorelativism) holds that different nervous systems produce different, equally valid realities. Its strong version (Neurodeterminism) asserts that neural structure absolutely and inevitably constrains all possible experience. Neurorealism is criticized for ignoring the role of the body (embodiment), environment (extended cognition), and culture (situated cognition). It also tends to reduce the person to the brain, overlooking social and psychological dimensions.
Example: “Neurorealism reminds us that a bloodhound lives in a world of smells we cannot access – its neural reality is different. But can we train our own sense of smell? Skepticism questions.”
Neurorealism by Abzu Land May 27, 2026
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