Institution that caused the great depression.

The Federal Reserve loaned out extra lines of credit to lower banks and those banks loaned out the extra credit to the people. In Capitalism there wouldn't be extra money given to banks to loan out. The banks would restrict credit and the business cycle would stablize itself.
When the economy turned bad starting in the mid 1920s people couldn't pay back all of their credit, banks lost money and failed, and the Great Depression started.

A private national bank that churns currency cents to the bill. Not backed by a physical commodity but by your faith you have to the issuing bank.

The central bank of the United States of America that was founded by Congress in 1913. It is responsible for supervising all bank and credit organizations in the U.S. (both private and public), enforcing credit law, forming U.S. monetary policy, providing financial services to the U.S. government and foreign banking systems, and most importantly, avoiding inflation and depression by controlling U.S. interest rates.