by Reginald Beckwith December 14, 2010
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Testicles
The testicles, known medically as testes (singular testis), are the male generative glands in animals. Male mammals have two testicles, contained within an extension of the abdomen called the scrotum.
Between the seminiferous tubules are special cells called interstitial cells (Leydig cells) where testosterone and other androgens are formed.
Function
Like the ovaries (to which they are homologous), testicles are components of both the reproductive system (being gonads) and the endocrine system (being endocrine glands). The respective functions of the testicles are:
- producing sperm (spermatozoa)
- producing male sex hormones, of which testosterone is the best known
Both functions of the testicle, sperm-forming and endocrine, are under control of gonadotropic hormones produced by the anterior pituitary:
- luteinizing hormone (LH)
- follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Structure
Under a tough fibrous shell, the tunica albuginea, the testis contains very fine coiled tubes called the seminiferous tubules. The tubes are lined with a layer of cells that, from puberty into old-age, produce sperm cells. The seminiferous tubules lead to the epididymis, where newly created sperm cells mature, and then into vas deferens (also called the ductus deferens) which opens into the urethra. Upon any sufficient sexual arousal, the sperm cells move through the ejaculatory duct and into the prostatic urethra, where the prostate, through muscular contractions, ejaculates the sperm, mixed with other fluids, out through the penis. (The genital anatomy described here, along with the neuroanatomy and hormonal systems that enable it to perform ejaculation, have as primary evolutionary functions the impregnation of a fertile female of the same species (or a sufficiently close one), via sexual intercourse with her.)
Health issues
The testicles are well-known to be very sensitive to impact and injury. This has been a rich source of humor for jokes and comedic routines. Slang terms for testicles, like "balls" or the Spanish "cojones" are often used in everyday speech to denote courage or audacity, as in "He has balls to do that."
The most important diseases of testicles are:
- inflammation of the testicles, called orchitis
- testicular cancer and other neoplasms
- accumulation of clear fluid around a testicle, called hydrocele testis
- inflammation of the epididymis, called epididymitis
- spermatic cord torsion also called testicular torsion
- varicocele 1 - swollen vein to the testes, usually affecting the left testicle
The removal of one or both testicles is termed
- orchidectomy, in medicine (where orchiectomy and orchectomy are synonymous), and
- castration in general use, especially when done for the benefit of others than the subject, for example, to produce a high-voiced castrato from the castration of a pre-pubescent boy
At least for humans, testicular prostheses are available to mimic the appearance and feel of one or both testicles, when absent as from injury or medical treatment.
Testicles
The testicles, known medically as testes (singular testis), are the male generative glands in animals. Male mammals have two testicles, contained within an extension of the abdomen called the scrotum.
Between the seminiferous tubules are special cells called interstitial cells (Leydig cells) where testosterone and other androgens are formed.
Function
Like the ovaries (to which they are homologous), testicles are components of both the reproductive system (being gonads) and the endocrine system (being endocrine glands). The respective functions of the testicles are:
- producing sperm (spermatozoa)
- producing male sex hormones, of which testosterone is the best known
Both functions of the testicle, sperm-forming and endocrine, are under control of gonadotropic hormones produced by the anterior pituitary:
- luteinizing hormone (LH)
- follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Structure
Under a tough fibrous shell, the tunica albuginea, the testis contains very fine coiled tubes called the seminiferous tubules. The tubes are lined with a layer of cells that, from puberty into old-age, produce sperm cells. The seminiferous tubules lead to the epididymis, where newly created sperm cells mature, and then into vas deferens (also called the ductus deferens) which opens into the urethra. Upon any sufficient sexual arousal, the sperm cells move through the ejaculatory duct and into the prostatic urethra, where the prostate, through muscular contractions, ejaculates the sperm, mixed with other fluids, out through the penis. (The genital anatomy described here, along with the neuroanatomy and hormonal systems that enable it to perform ejaculation, have as primary evolutionary functions the impregnation of a fertile female of the same species (or a sufficiently close one), via sexual intercourse with her.)
Health issues
The testicles are well-known to be very sensitive to impact and injury. This has been a rich source of humor for jokes and comedic routines. Slang terms for testicles, like "balls" or the Spanish "cojones" are often used in everyday speech to denote courage or audacity, as in "He has balls to do that."
The most important diseases of testicles are:
- inflammation of the testicles, called orchitis
- testicular cancer and other neoplasms
- accumulation of clear fluid around a testicle, called hydrocele testis
- inflammation of the epididymis, called epididymitis
- spermatic cord torsion also called testicular torsion
- varicocele 1 - swollen vein to the testes, usually affecting the left testicle
The removal of one or both testicles is termed
- orchidectomy, in medicine (where orchiectomy and orchectomy are synonymous), and
- castration in general use, especially when done for the benefit of others than the subject, for example, to produce a high-voiced castrato from the castration of a pre-pubescent boy
At least for humans, testicular prostheses are available to mimic the appearance and feel of one or both testicles, when absent as from injury or medical treatment.
by Dr. Know April 7, 2005
Get the Testicules mug.The techical term for "numb nuts". Testicular paralysis is a medical condition common among politicians, owners of large companies, managers of auto shops, auto service technicians with large egos and little knowledge of the automobile, delivery drivers for uniform companies, taxi cab drivers, most liberals, some conservatives, labor union presidents, etc. etc. etc.
I think Bush is a pretty decent President, but his testicular paralysis seems to be affecting his judgement regarding the U.S. borders.
by Jackball April 29, 2005
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Get the TESTICULAR MERINGUE mug.A serious bromhidrosis ( body odor) condition in the male testicular region. Often occurring when the region is exposed to presperation and/ or hot and humid conditions.
Boy 1 : Man that was a really long walk
Boy 2: Yeah it must be like 110 degrees out here too !
Boy 1: Yeah ! I have major testicular smellorosis
Boy 2: Yeah it must be like 110 degrees out here too !
Boy 1: Yeah ! I have major testicular smellorosis
by smellorosis December 19, 2010
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Octopi may be prone to developing tenticular cancer.
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Octopi may be prone to developing tenticular cancer.
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