A field that studies naturalismâthe view that nature is all that exists, with no supernatural or superânatural realmsâas a social and cultural phenomenon, not just a
philosophical position. It examines how naturalism is transmitted, how naturalist communities form, how naturalism interacts with other worldviews in pluralistic societies, and how naturalist beliefs correlate with social variables like education, income, and political orientation. The
social sciences of naturalism treat naturalism as one worldview among many, whose
social life can be studied empirically.
Example: â
Social sciences of naturalism research found that selfâidentified naturalists often adopt quasiâreligious practicesârituals of wonder, celebrations of scientific milestones, and moral communitiesâdespite rejecting religion.â
Sociology of Naturalism
The sociological branch focusing on the group dynamics, institutions, and social patterns of naturalist communitiesâfrom scientific naturalist organizations to
online skeptic groups. It examines how naturalist identity is formed and maintained, how naturalist communities create solidarity and meaning, and how they engage with broader society. The sociology of naturalism also studies boundary work: how naturalists distinguish themselves from âsupernaturalists,â and how internal debates (e.g., about free will or consciousness) create schisms.
Example: âThe sociology of naturalism revealed that naturalist conferences often include opening ceremonies, keynote âsermons,â and group
affirmationsâfunctions analogous to religious services, meeting
social needs that pure philosophy does not address.â