Law of the Spectral Ad Hocs

The principle that ad hoc constructions exist on a spectrum between absolute and relative, with infinite gradations and multiple dimensions. Under this law, no ad hoc is purely absolute or purely relative—each occupies a position in spectral space defined by its generality, its durability, its context-dependence, its transferability. Some ad hocs are nearly absolute (the fix that works in many situations), some nearly relative (the one-off that never repeats), most somewhere in between. The law of the spectral ad hocs recognizes that ad hoc is not a binary category but a continuous field, with every temporary solution located somewhere on the spectrum of permanence.

Law of the Spectral Ad Hocs Example: "She mapped her life's ad hocs using spectral analysis: the career decision that worked perfectly and lasted decades (near absolute), the parking spot trick that worked only in that one garage (near relative), the relationship advice that helped some friends and not others (spectral middle). The coordinates showed where her ad hocs were likely to generalize and where they were just for her. The map didn't predict the future, but it helped her navigate it."

by Dumu The Void February 17, 2026

Law of the Fallacy Validity

The principle that under specific conditions, what appears to be a fallacy can actually be valid reasoning. The law acknowledges that context matters: an argument that commits a fallacy in one setting may be perfectly reasonable in another. Ad hominem, attacking the person, is fallacious in formal debate but valid when assessing credibility (you wouldn't trust a tobacco company's research on smoking). Appeal to authority is fallacious when the authority is irrelevant but valid when expertise is genuine. Slippery slope is fallacious when speculative but valid when causal chains are real. The law of the fallacy validity reminds us that fallacy labels are not absolute; they're tools, not weapons. What matters is not whether an argument fits a fallacy pattern but whether it's reasonable in context.

Example: "He accused her of ad hominem for mentioning the speaker's industry funding. She invoked the law of the fallacy validity: attacking the person is valid when their credibility is relevant. The funding mattered; the ad hominem was justified. He called it a fallacy; she called it context. She was right."

by Dumu The Void February 17, 2026

Law of the Valid Fallacies

The principle that there exists a class of arguments that are technically fallacious by formal standards yet genuinely valid in practice—reasoning that works even though it breaks the rules. These "valid fallacies" include arguments that persuade reasonable people despite logical flaws, inferences that lead to true conclusions through invalid steps, and reasoning that succeeds where formal logic fails. The law of the valid fallacies acknowledges that human reasoning is richer than formal logic, and that sometimes the technically invalid is practically sound. It's the logic of "it shouldn't work, but it does," of the intuitive leaps that turn out right, of the arguments that convince because they're right even though they're wrong by the book.

Example: "Her argument was technically fallacious—circular reasoning, begging the question. But it was also true, and everyone knew it. The law of the valid fallacies said: sometimes the fallacy is valid. The circularity didn't make it false; it just made it formally invalid. Formal invalidity and practical truth can coexist."

by Dumu The Void February 17, 2026

Law of the Possible Fallacies

The principle that for any argument, it is possible to interpret it as fallacious—there is always some way to apply a fallacy label, regardless of the argument's actual merit. The law acknowledges that fallacy-mongering is infinite: given enough creativity, you can find an ad hominem, a straw man, a slippery slope in any discourse. This possibility doesn't mean all arguments are fallacious; it means fallacy labeling is not objective. It's a rhetorical move, not a logical judgment. The law of the possible fallacies warns against the weaponization of fallacy terminology—just because you can call something a fallacy doesn't mean it is one.

Example: "He could find a fallacy in any argument, no matter how sound. Straw man? You're oversimplifying. Ad hominem? You're attacking the person. Slippery slope? You're predicting disaster. The law of the possible fallacies explained: it's always possible to see a fallacy if you want to. The question was whether the fallacy was real or just his imagination."

by Dumu The Void February 17, 2026

Law of the Fallacy Possibility

The principle that fallacies represent possibilities, not certainties—they identify ways reasoning could go wrong, not guarantees that it has. Calling an argument a slippery slope doesn't prove it's wrong; it identifies a possibility of error that must be evaluated. Calling an argument ad hominem doesn't settle the matter; it raises a possibility that must be assessed. The law of the fallacy possibility reminds us that fallacy labels are hypotheses, not verdicts. They open inquiry rather than closing it. The real work is not in naming the fallacy but in determining whether it actually occurred—whether the possibility is actual.

Example: "She said his argument was a slippery slope. He agreed it was possible, then asked for evidence that the slope would actually slide. The law of the fallacy possibility said: naming the possibility doesn't prove it's real. The debate shifted from labeling to evidence, which is where it should have been all along."

by Dumu The Void February 17, 2026

Law of the Absolute and Relative Fallacies

The principle that fallacies operate in two modes: absolute fallacies (errors that are fallacious in all contexts, by any reasonable standard) and relative fallacies (errors that are fallacious in some contexts but may be acceptable or even valid in others). The law acknowledges that some fallacies are universally wrong—affirming the consequent, denying the antecedent, non sequiturs that genuinely don't follow. Other fallacies are context-dependent—appeals to emotion that are appropriate in some settings, ad hominem that is relevant, slippery slopes that sometimes happen. The law of absolute and relative fallacies reconciles the need for logical standards with the reality of contextual reasoning.

Law of the Absolute and Relative Fallacies Example: "They debated whether his emotional appeal was fallacious. Absolute fallacies: non sequiturs, formal errors—he hadn't committed those. Relative fallacies: emotional appeals can be fallacious in some contexts, appropriate in others. Here, asking for compassion was relevant. The law said: relatively, not absolutely fallacious. She accepted the nuance, which is rare in online arguments."

by Dumu The Void February 17, 2026

Law of the Spectral Fallacies

The principle that fallacies exist on a spectrum between absolute and relative, with infinite gradations and multiple dimensions. Under this law, no fallacy is purely absolute or purely relative—each occupies a position in spectral space defined by its universality, its context-dependence, its severity, its typical effects. The ad hominem fallacy is near the relative end (sometimes valid, depending on relevance); formal fallacies like affirming the consequent are nearer the absolute end (almost always errors); most fallacies are somewhere in between. The law of the spectral fallacies recognizes that fallacy evaluation is not binary but continuous, that what counts as fallacious varies across contexts, and that the question isn't "is it a fallacy?" but "where on the spectrum of fallaciousness does this argument fall?"

Law of the Spectral Fallacies Example: "She analyzed his argument using spectral fallacies, mapping it across dimensions: formal validity (low), contextual appropriateness (medium), persuasive effect (high), potential for harm (low). The spectral coordinates showed why some listeners cried fallacy while others found it compelling. The argument wasn't simply fallacious or not; it was fallacious in some dimensions, effective in others. The spectrum captured what binaries missed."

by Dumu The Void February 17, 2026