chemguide's definitions

paraxanthine

a derivative of xanthine with 2 methyl groups replacing it. It is structurally similar to theobromine and caffeine, just the difference of methyl groups.

Caffeine is changed to 84% paraxanthine, 12% theobromine and 4% theophylline.

by chemguide August 10, 2019

amide

An organic functional group similar to amine, except a carbonyl is next to it. (Its formula is RC(O) NR2)

However, amide is very different to amines due to the delocolization of the lone pair to oxygen. This makes amides unreactive.

by chemguide August 10, 2019

Tetrahydrofuran

Tetrahydrofuran (THF) is a cyclic ether (heterocyclic compound) with a 5-member ring and an oxygen atom inside. Its formula is C4H8O

We need ionic compounds for this reaction! Use tetrahydrofuran or it won't dissolve!

by chemguide August 10, 2019

aldehyde

A class of organic compound with the formula of R CHO, with the R being an organic functional group.

The most common aldehyde is formaldehyde, but the more complex ones, such as benzaldehyde, is found in almond oil.

by chemguide August 10, 2019

imide

Amide but with one more carbonyl group. It is not basic and if the nitrogen is bonded to H, even sodium hydroxide can deprotonate it.

Imides have very low pKa values, and is not basic at all.

by chemguide August 10, 2019

Cathode

The positive electrode where electrons are moved to.

In a battery, the metal ions in cathode gains electrons while the anode loses.

by chemguide August 5, 2019

Anode

The negative electrode of a battery where things loses electrons.

In the electrolysis of water, the anode produces oxygen.

by chemguide August 5, 2019