Theory of Power Groups
A mainstream sociological concept stating that in any complex society, power is not held by a single entity (the state) or the masses, but is contested and exercised by a plurality of competing groups: corporations, unions, professional associations, NGOs, media conglomerates, and religious institutions. Politics is the process of temporary alliances and conflicts between these groups. It’s pluralism, but where the playing field is not level and some groups have vastly more resources.
Example: Environmental policy in a country is not set just by the government. According to the Theory of Power Groups, it's the outcome of a brutal lobbying war between the fossil fuel industry group, the renewable energy trade association, environmental NGOs, and utility unions, each pulling on different levers of power within the legislature, courts, and media.
Theory of Power Groups by Abzugal Nammugal Enkigal February 4, 2026
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