Maiko ("dancing child") are apprentices to geisha, whose job it is to entertain (sing,
dance and
converse) at ozashiki. The term maiko is only used to define apprentice geisha in the Kansai area of Japan. Other areas use the terms oshaku ("one who pours drinks") or hangyoku ("half-
jewel").
Maiko are usually from the age of 15 to 21 years; after that - when they are supposed to have mastered their arts well enough - they can become geiko. A maiko’s appearance is that of a child, which explains the elaborate use of red makeup (which gradually is lessened as she grows older) and the shoulder tucks, dangling obi and long sleeves of her kimono.
A maiko’s makeup changes during the five (or less) years of her apprenticeship: when she start, she only paints her bottom lip red, which gives her a baby-
like appearance, while at the same time results in making her mouth look smaller - which was thought to be aesthetically pleasing. As a maiko grows older, she
may paint both her lips fuller and use black eyeliner.
Junior maiko wear their hair in the wareshinobu style. Senior maiko wear the ofuku hairstyle, though some other styles
may be seen worn too - depending on the occasion. In their hair, maiko wear various hair ornaments, which
change every month. A very young maiko wears ornaments that are made of many small flowers, whereas an older maiko
may wear ornaments that consist of one
big flower. These changes in appearance result in the maiko gradually looking more
like an adult.
