chemguide's definitions

ketone

An organic functional group with a carbonyl in the middle and other groups on the 2 other sides (usually represented as R and R')

The most common ketone is acetone, which is used in fingernail polishes.

by chemguide August 5, 2019

cyclohexane

The most stable cycloalkane. It has a 6-membered carbon ring with all hydrogen atoms surronding it

Cyclohexane also has 2 conformers: chair and boat. The chair conformer is more stable because of its reduced strain.

by chemguide August 12, 2019

Cyclopentadiene

An hydrocarbon compound that is basically violating being a hydrocarbon. Its pKa value is only 16, making it as acidic as water.
Its structure is a cyclopentane ring with 2 double bonds.

The reason for cyclopentadiene to be such acidic is because of its ionic structure. It has an aromatic anionic structure, making it extremely stable.

by chemguide August 12, 2019

amide

An organic functional group similar to amine, except a carbonyl is next to it. (Its formula is RC(O) NR2)

However, amide is very different to amines due to the delocolization of the lone pair to oxygen. This makes amides unreactive.

by chemguide August 10, 2019

methyl orange

A pH indicator (most commonly) used in acidic conditions.

In acidic conditions methyl orange is red but in neutral / basic conditions it is yellow.

by chemguide August 11, 2019

Tetrahydrofuran

Tetrahydrofuran (THF) is a cyclic ether (heterocyclic compound) with a 5-member ring and an oxygen atom inside. Its formula is C4H8O

We need ionic compounds for this reaction! Use tetrahydrofuran or it won't dissolve!

by chemguide August 10, 2019

Anode

The negative electrode of a battery where things loses electrons.

In the electrolysis of water, the anode produces oxygen.

by chemguide August 5, 2019