Urban informatics is a 21st-century emerging field of study that specializes in the development of spatial-statistical and machine learning predictive models and algorithms for city planning applications including crime and market predictions. Urban informatics programs across the world are normally only available at the graduate level. Some schools call it Applied Urban Science and Informatics, others call it Urban Spatial Analytics, and still others call it Urban Informatics and Analytics. Urban informatics is a short form for urban information science or urban information systems engineering. It is different than computer science in that it is heavily data science-focused and also involves GIS and other spatial analytics technologies.