Theory of Dynamic Thermodynamics

A theoretical framework and hypothesis explaining that, at cosmic and/or expansion scales, energy is not conserved in the way classical thermodynamics assumes, drawing on Noether's theorem and insights from cosmology. While Noether's theorem shows that energy conservation follows from time-translation symmetry, this symmetry may not hold in an expanding universe—energy can be exchanged with the gravitational field, and the total energy of the universe is not necessarily conserved. Dynamic Thermodynamics proposes that thermodynamic laws themselves may be dynamic, evolving with cosmic expansion. Energy that seems "lost" in one frame may be accounted for in another; entropy may behave differently at cosmological scales; the arrow of time may be shaped by cosmic expansion. This theory challenges the absolutism of classical thermodynamics, suggesting that what we experience as thermodynamic law may be context-dependent—valid in local, static contexts but transformed at cosmic scales. It provides a framework for understanding dark energy, cosmic inflation, and the ultimate fate of the universe as thermodynamic phenomena, not violations of physics.

Example: "The universe appears to be expanding faster than energy conservation seems to allow—but the Theory of Dynamic Thermodynamics explains that at cosmic scales, energy isn't conserved in the same way because time-translation symmetry breaks. The energy isn't missing; the rules have changed."

Theory of Dynamic Thermodynamics by Dumu The Void March 20, 2026