The Control Dilemma: The more powerful and complex a technology becomes, the more it requires other complex technologies to control it, creating an infinite regress of dependency and unintended consequences. We invent nuclear fission, then need control rods, containment vessels, and international surveillance to manage it. We create the internet, then need firewalls, algorithms, and cybersecurity to curb its harms. The hard problem is that technological solutions inevitably beget new, often more wicked, technological problems. True mastery recedes like a horizon; we are perpetually patching the leaks in a dam we chose to build.
Example: Social media algorithms (a technology) were created to increase engagement. They succeeded, but unleashed misinformation and mental health crises. The proposed fix? Better AI moderation algorithms (more complex technology). This new AI will itself have unintended side-effects, requiring yet another layer of oversight tech. The hard problem: We are on a treadmill, using technology to solve the problems caused by prior technology, accelerating into a future where our society is a fragile house of cards built entirely on layers of opaque, interdependent systems we no longer fully understand or control. The tool begins to dictate the tasks. Hard Problem of Technology.
by Enkigal January 24, 2026
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