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501(c)(4) 

(US LAW) tax-exempt nonprofit as defined under Treasury Code section 503(c)(4). Very similar to a 501(c)(3), but while a 501(c)(3) is more completely exempt from taxes, a 501(c)(4) has more leeway in what sorts of political activities it may engage in.

For example, a 501(c)(4) organization may explicitly endorse a ballot position or candidate, whereas a 501(c)(3) may not.
There are many examples of 501(c)(3) organizations paired with 501(c)(4) organizations. This arrangement is known as the "Sibling Option" and is used by the Koch Family Foundations for funding Tea Bag political associations.
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501(c)(3) 

(US LAW) nonprofit corporation; legal status permitted to certain types of organizations under Treasury Regulations section 501(c)(3) that exempts it from taxation.

The 501(c)(3) is quite easy to organize, especially if one wants to funnel money from donors to some form of activism. It was first made available in 1934 but has become extremely common since 1986 because successive rulings greatly loosened restrictions on electioneering for 501(c)(3) entities.

Often 501(c)(3) entities engaged in politics are affiliated with an almost-identical 501(c)(4) entity, which has EVEN WEAKER limitations on electioneering.
The 501(c)(3) clause in the IRS code is practically an invitation by the government to launder corporate profits into lobbying.
Related Words
501(c)(3) 501(c)(4) C50 C.O.W. c c hair C-row C.T. C.S. c u
Representative for any person below normal IQ and may possibly be of the gay sexual orientation .
Cameron: "I just failed a math test..."
Seumas: "Shit bro...ur such a C50."
Cameron: "Yeah I know...gotta go hook with guys...peace bro!"
C50 by Brofy November 30, 2009