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The apostrophe can:

1) substitute for a word/space in a contraction.

2) show possession when placed at the end of a word and followed by 's', save for words that end in 's' or the word 'its'.

3) be used instead of a 'g' in the progressive tense (is doing, was doing, etc.).

1-A punctuation mark used by morons and idiots to pluralize words or to conjugate verbs in the third-person singular form.

2-A punctuation mark used to show possession of something.

3-Shows omission of one or more letters within a contraction
4-(American system) Used to set aside quotations within quotations.

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The text equivalent of tipping your hat

The apostrophy is important in creating names

Can replace any letter in any word.

It is used in two ways. In an understandable way like bean' which is obviously beans or in a confusing way like r'd which could be red or rad.