CognitiveFuel's definitions
Diethyl ether is a solvent that is useful for grignard reactions. It's also an anesthetic. Diethyl ether is highly flammable (even electrical outlets and too high temperatures can ignite it. Diethyl ether must be stored with butylated hydroxytoluene to avoid peroxide products which are explosive. Diethyl ether is also sometimes used for extractions, but other solvents like ethyl chloride, chloroform, toluene, hexane, and dichloromethane are generally preferred. Diethyl ether is synthesized by reacting ethanol with sulfuric acid. This reaction must be carried out at temperatures lower than 150 °C in order to ensure that an elimination product (ethylene) is not a product of the reaction. At higher temperatures, ethanol will dehydrate to form ethylene. The reaction to make diethyl ether is reversible, so eventually an equilibrium between reactants and products is achieved. Getting a good yield of ether requires that ether be distilled out of the reaction mixture before it reverts to ethanol.
Properties
Chemical formula
(CH3CH2)2O
Molar mass
74.123 g/mol
Appearance
Colorless liquid
Odor
Dry, Rum-like, sweetish odor
Density
0.7134 g/cm3, liquid
Melting point
−116.3 °C (−177.3 °F; 156.8 K)
Boiling point
34.6 °C (94.3 °F; 307.8 K)
Solubility in water
6.05 g/100 mL
Vapor pressure
440 mmHg at 20 °C (58.66 kPa at 20 °C)
Properties
Chemical formula
(CH3CH2)2O
Molar mass
74.123 g/mol
Appearance
Colorless liquid
Odor
Dry, Rum-like, sweetish odor
Density
0.7134 g/cm3, liquid
Melting point
−116.3 °C (−177.3 °F; 156.8 K)
Boiling point
34.6 °C (94.3 °F; 307.8 K)
Solubility in water
6.05 g/100 mL
Vapor pressure
440 mmHg at 20 °C (58.66 kPa at 20 °C)
I reacted ethyl magnesium chloride in diethyl ether with acetone, then reacted it with hydrochloric acid, and got 2-methyl-2-butanol.
by CognitiveFuel January 16, 2023
Get the Diethyl ether mug.Dibutyl ether is an ether that is used for complex grignard reactions where higher temperatures are needed. Dibutyl ether is good for reacting benzyl magnesium chloride (made from benzyl chloride and magnesium turnings in dibutyl ether) with acetonitrile in dibutyl ether at elevated temperatures. Then reacting it with hydrochloric acid to get Phenyl-2-Propanone. Dibutyl ether increases the yield compared to diethyl ether. Dibutyl ether is produced by reacting butanol with sulfuric acid. The temperature cannot be too high, as butanol could dehydrate into butene (1-butene). The ether must be stored with butylated hydroxytoluene as explosive peroxides can form.
Properties
Chemical formula
C8H18O
Molar mass
130.231 g/mol
Appearance
Colorless liquid
Odor
Fruity
Density
0.77 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Melting point
−95 °C (−139 °F; 178 K)
Boiling point
141 °C (286 °F; 414 K)
Properties
Chemical formula
C8H18O
Molar mass
130.231 g/mol
Appearance
Colorless liquid
Odor
Fruity
Density
0.77 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Melting point
−95 °C (−139 °F; 178 K)
Boiling point
141 °C (286 °F; 414 K)
I reacted benzyl magnesium chloride with acetonitrile in dibutyl ether and hydrolyzed it with hydrochloric acid to get Phenyl-2-Propanone.
by CognitiveFuel January 16, 2023
Get the Dibutyl ether mug.Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) is when you smoke weed every week to everyday for several years and end up vomiting a lot.
What causes cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome?
Marijuana has very complex effects on the body. Experts are still trying to learn exactly how it causes CHS in some people.
In the brain, marijuana often has the opposite effect of CHS. It helps prevent nausea and vomiting. The drug is also good at stopping such symptoms in people having chemotherapy.
But in the digestive tract, marijuana seems to have the opposite effect. It actually makes you more likely to have nausea and vomiting. With the first use of marijuana, the signals from the brain may be more important. That may lead to anti-nausea effects at first. But with repeated use of marijuana, certain receptors in the brain may stop responding to the drug in the same way. That may cause the repeated bouts of vomiting found in people with CHS.
Since CHS was discovered pretty recently, some doctors might not know about it. Also, CHS is often confused with cyclical vomiting.
What causes cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome?
Marijuana has very complex effects on the body. Experts are still trying to learn exactly how it causes CHS in some people.
In the brain, marijuana often has the opposite effect of CHS. It helps prevent nausea and vomiting. The drug is also good at stopping such symptoms in people having chemotherapy.
But in the digestive tract, marijuana seems to have the opposite effect. It actually makes you more likely to have nausea and vomiting. With the first use of marijuana, the signals from the brain may be more important. That may lead to anti-nausea effects at first. But with repeated use of marijuana, certain receptors in the brain may stop responding to the drug in the same way. That may cause the repeated bouts of vomiting found in people with CHS.
Since CHS was discovered pretty recently, some doctors might not know about it. Also, CHS is often confused with cyclical vomiting.
Steve: Smoke weed everyday!
*Smokes weed
Andre: I'm not sure you should smoke that stuff everyday. No one knows the long term effects. I only chug Kratom twice a week.
*chugs Kratom
(several years later)
Steve: *vomits brahdhrb
*Smokes weed
Smoke weed everyday.
Andre: I found out about something called cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome. I think you might have it. Or maybe it's cyclical vomiting.
*chugs Kratom
Doctor: Steve! You have cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome. I thought it was cyclical vomiting but you tested positive for THC and have a history of smoking marijuana everyday. You have to quit cannabis, or weed. You can never smoke weed again! You should have used moderation.
Steve: Nooooooo!
Steve: *Quits weed for 3 months
Steve: Hey! The nausea is gone.
Andre: Cool! Wanna chug Kratom?
Steve: Sure! *chugs Kratom
Andre: *chugs Kratom
Tyler: I only smoke weed when going on a boat fishing. It helps with nausea. Other times, it's kratom. *Smokes weed. *chugs kratom.
*Smokes weed
Andre: I'm not sure you should smoke that stuff everyday. No one knows the long term effects. I only chug Kratom twice a week.
*chugs Kratom
(several years later)
Steve: *vomits brahdhrb
*Smokes weed
Smoke weed everyday.
Andre: I found out about something called cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome. I think you might have it. Or maybe it's cyclical vomiting.
*chugs Kratom
Doctor: Steve! You have cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome. I thought it was cyclical vomiting but you tested positive for THC and have a history of smoking marijuana everyday. You have to quit cannabis, or weed. You can never smoke weed again! You should have used moderation.
Steve: Nooooooo!
Steve: *Quits weed for 3 months
Steve: Hey! The nausea is gone.
Andre: Cool! Wanna chug Kratom?
Steve: Sure! *chugs Kratom
Andre: *chugs Kratom
Tyler: I only smoke weed when going on a boat fishing. It helps with nausea. Other times, it's kratom. *Smokes weed. *chugs kratom.
by CognitiveFuel January 22, 2023
Get the cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome mug.Sea-Legs is the ability to be on a boat and not fall over or vomit.
Sea-Legs can also refer to the short amount of time you're on land after being at sea where it still feels like you're going up and down despite being on land. You will then adjust to the land again.
Sea-Legs also refers to the medication, Meclizine (Bonine). Meclizine helps with nausea and vomiting due to sea sickness and helps with balance. Side effects may include confusion and decreased memory, especially in older people.
Sea-Legs 2 refers to marijuana edibles or smoked or vaped marijuana that is used to prevent nausea and vomiting in boats. In this case, it's used medically. Side effects include being high, munchies, and occasional paranoia.
Sea-Legs can also refer to the short amount of time you're on land after being at sea where it still feels like you're going up and down despite being on land. You will then adjust to the land again.
Sea-Legs also refers to the medication, Meclizine (Bonine). Meclizine helps with nausea and vomiting due to sea sickness and helps with balance. Side effects may include confusion and decreased memory, especially in older people.
Sea-Legs 2 refers to marijuana edibles or smoked or vaped marijuana that is used to prevent nausea and vomiting in boats. In this case, it's used medically. Side effects include being high, munchies, and occasional paranoia.
Stan: I took Sea-Legs (Meclizine)! Now I can keep my balance on the boat and not get nauseous or vomit.
by CognitiveFuel January 23, 2023
Get the Sea-Legs mug.Productive Procrastination is what happens when you take speed (Amphetamine, Ethylamphetamine, blue speed) and focus on the wrong things. Instead of doing your homework, you're hyperfocused on cleaning the house, sweeping the floor, mopping the floor, cleaning the windows and mirrors with vinegar, folding laundry, and more.
Tyler: I took 25mg of blue speed (Blue Ethylamphetamine) and I cleaned my room and alphabetized my PS2 videogame collection.
Josh: You're supposed to be doing your homework! You're doing productive Procrastination!
Josh: You're supposed to be doing your homework! You're doing productive Procrastination!
by CognitiveFuel January 30, 2023
Get the Productive Procrastination mug.Stoner's Graceland (sometimes called Stoners Graceland) is another name for Wendy's. The late hours (They stay open until midnight or later), stoner-friendly food, and 99¢ value menu are the main reasons for this nickname. The Wendy's chili and the burger and soda and fries and frosty is delicious.
Dave Thomas is to stoners as My Life as a Teenage Robot is to cool millennials (unlike those stupid Gen Z kids!).
People who go to Wendy's either tried Ritabooze (Ethylphenidate), Blue Speed, Blue Molly, Modafinil, Kratom, Arecoline Hydrobromide, Arecobooze (Arecoline plus booze), 2-methyl-2-butanol (2m2bOH), Armodafinil, Flodafinil, Hydrafinil, MDA, MDMA, MDEA, Ethylamphetamine, Crystal Speed, 4F-MPH, Prolintane, Propranolol, NSI-189, 9-Me-BC, N-Acetyl-Selank, Sunifiram, Methiopropamine, Thiopropamine, Bretazenyl, IndanylAminoPropane, a-PVP, 3-Fluoroamphetamine, methcathinone, cathinone, cathine, khat, Phenylpiracetam Hydrazide, Betel Nut (Freebase Arecoline), 3-MMC-Etizolam, Diclazepam, Nicotine Vape, Arecoline vape, Redbull energy drink, Propylhexedrine, Cyclopentamine, Dimethylamylamine, JWH-018, JWH-200, Weed, Delta-8, and Methylphenidate.
Dave Thomas is to stoners as My Life as a Teenage Robot is to cool millennials (unlike those stupid Gen Z kids!).
People who go to Wendy's either tried Ritabooze (Ethylphenidate), Blue Speed, Blue Molly, Modafinil, Kratom, Arecoline Hydrobromide, Arecobooze (Arecoline plus booze), 2-methyl-2-butanol (2m2bOH), Armodafinil, Flodafinil, Hydrafinil, MDA, MDMA, MDEA, Ethylamphetamine, Crystal Speed, 4F-MPH, Prolintane, Propranolol, NSI-189, 9-Me-BC, N-Acetyl-Selank, Sunifiram, Methiopropamine, Thiopropamine, Bretazenyl, IndanylAminoPropane, a-PVP, 3-Fluoroamphetamine, methcathinone, cathinone, cathine, khat, Phenylpiracetam Hydrazide, Betel Nut (Freebase Arecoline), 3-MMC-Etizolam, Diclazepam, Nicotine Vape, Arecoline vape, Redbull energy drink, Propylhexedrine, Cyclopentamine, Dimethylamylamine, JWH-018, JWH-200, Weed, Delta-8, and Methylphenidate.
Wendy's employee (at 1:15am): How may I help you sir?
Tyler(on Kratom and Arecoline Hydrobromide): Give me 3 cheeseburgers, a Wendy's frosty, some fries, and some chili.
Wendy's employee: Here you go sir.
Tyler (high as fuck): I'm in Stoner's Graceland!
*eats food then pops a Blue ecstasy pill with Jenny Wakeman's head on it.
Tyler(on Kratom and Arecoline Hydrobromide): Give me 3 cheeseburgers, a Wendy's frosty, some fries, and some chili.
Wendy's employee: Here you go sir.
Tyler (high as fuck): I'm in Stoner's Graceland!
*eats food then pops a Blue ecstasy pill with Jenny Wakeman's head on it.
by CognitiveFuel January 30, 2023
Get the Stoner's Graceland mug.Ethyl chloride (EtCl, Chloroethane), is a chemical compound with chemical formula CH3CH2Cl, once widely used in producing tetraethyllead, a gasoline additive. It is a colorless, flammable gas or refrigerated liquid with a faintly sweet odor. Ethyl chloride is a lab solvent and an intermediate in the synthesis of 2-methyl-2-butanol through the formation of the grignard reagent, ethyl magnesium chloride and a grignard reaction with acetone, followed by hydrochloric acid work-up to yield 2-methyl-2-butanol. Ethyl chloride is synthesized by reacting ethanol with hydrochloric acid and zinc chloride catalyst. Ethyl chloride can also be used along with calcium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, or potassium hydroxide to extract freebase arecoline out of the betel nut. Then react it with HBr (Hydrogen Bromide) to get Arecoline Hydrobromide.
Properties
Chemical formula
C2H5Cl
Molar mass
64.51 g/mol
Appearance
Colorless gas
Odor
Pungent, ethereal
Density
0.921 g/cm3 (0-4 °C)
0.8898 g/cm3 (25 °C)
Melting point
−138.7 °C (−217.7 °F; 134.5 K)
Boiling point
12.27 °C (54.09 °F; 285.42 K)
decomposes at 510 °C
Solubility in water
0.447 g/100 mL (0 °C)
0.574 g/100 mL (20 °C)
Solubility
Soluble in ethanol, diethyl ether, dibutyl ether, 2-methyl-2-butanol
Solubility in ethanol
48.3 g/100 g (21 °C)
Vapor pressure
8.4 kPa (-40 °C)
62.3 kPa (0 °C)
134.6 kPa (20 °C)
Properties
Chemical formula
C2H5Cl
Molar mass
64.51 g/mol
Appearance
Colorless gas
Odor
Pungent, ethereal
Density
0.921 g/cm3 (0-4 °C)
0.8898 g/cm3 (25 °C)
Melting point
−138.7 °C (−217.7 °F; 134.5 K)
Boiling point
12.27 °C (54.09 °F; 285.42 K)
decomposes at 510 °C
Solubility in water
0.447 g/100 mL (0 °C)
0.574 g/100 mL (20 °C)
Solubility
Soluble in ethanol, diethyl ether, dibutyl ether, 2-methyl-2-butanol
Solubility in ethanol
48.3 g/100 g (21 °C)
Vapor pressure
8.4 kPa (-40 °C)
62.3 kPa (0 °C)
134.6 kPa (20 °C)
I reacted ethanol with hydrochloric acid and a zinc chloride catalyst. I got ethyl chloride. I then extracted freebase arecoline from the betel nut and reacted it with hydrogen bromide gas to get Arecoline Hydrobromide.
I took some ethyl chloride and added anhydrous diethyl ether and magnesium turnings to get ethyl magnesium chloride. Then I reacted the Et-MgCl (ethyl magnesium chloride) with acetone. Then I took the 2m2bO-MgCl (2-methyl-2-butoxymagnesium chloride) and reacted it with hydrochloric acid to get 2-methyl-2-butanol.
I took some ethyl chloride and added anhydrous diethyl ether and magnesium turnings to get ethyl magnesium chloride. Then I reacted the Et-MgCl (ethyl magnesium chloride) with acetone. Then I took the 2m2bO-MgCl (2-methyl-2-butoxymagnesium chloride) and reacted it with hydrochloric acid to get 2-methyl-2-butanol.
by CognitiveFuel January 30, 2023
Get the Ethyl Chloride mug.