The Kingdom of Italy was an italian state present from 1861 to 1946. it was formed by the Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont after the conquests and plebscites during the Italian Unification Process, also known as "Risorgimento". The Kingdom of Italy had possessions on three continents, Europe (Italy and the dodecanese), Africa (Colony of Libya and Italian East Africa) and Asia (Concession of Tientsin and Italian Occupation of Southern Anatolia). Italy was born as a democratic constitutional monarchy, but from 1922 to 1943 Italy was under a fascist dictatorship guided by Benito Mussolini. In 1945 after the italian defeat the people chose, through a democratic referenum, to abolish the monarchy and proclaim the Italian Republic.

Intelligence agency term for "psychological operation". A government or corporate-sponsored operation, usually taking the form of a "terrorist attack" or "crazed gunman on a spree", with the intent of panicking the public into demanding more police and laws inhibiting freedom. Psyops are usually carried out by drugging a civilian or group of civilians with aggression-promoting drugs, psyching them up, arming them, and sending them out to commit mayhem. Government-sponsored terrorism. See also blackshirts, conspiracy