from the Greek "meso" meaning "middle" or "between", and "potamos" meaning "river", Mesopotamia refers to the ancient land straddling the Tigris and Euphrates, currently more or less the site of a completely artificial nation called Iraq, which was cobbled together by the Frogs and the Limies in 1919 out of a few odd Ottoman provinces.
There's a lot of oil there, but no weapons of mass destruction.
The Neocons in DC want us to piss away all our nationalwealth in an ill advised adventure in Mesopotamia